Photosynthesis || Life Process || Types of Respiration

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Life Process || Respiration || Internal and External Respiration || Mitochondria as power house of cell

1. What is meant by respiration?

Ans: The process of splitting the complex food into simpler compounds with the release of energy in the presence of oxygen is called respiration.

Carbondioxide + Oxygen --------------------------- Carbondioxide + Water + Energy

Table of Content:

Write the importance of respiration?
What is internal respiration? Where does this process take place in the body?
What are the differences between internal and external respiration?
Why is food necessary for living beings?
What is photosynthesis?
What are the advantages of photosynthesis for plants and animals?
List out the major requirements for the photosynthesis.
Give the function of following nutrient elements: Carbohydrate, Fat and Oil, Protein, Mineral and Water.
What is the function of chlorophyll present in chloroplast?
What do you mean by Iodine starch test? Write down the process.
What is the role of sunlight in photosynthesis? Show it in diagram.
Why is mitochondria considered as the power house of the cell?
Why do plants need chlorophyll?
How is photosynthesis process considered as opposite to respiratory system?
Why is leaf called as kitchen of plant?
What are autotrophic plants?
Why is protein necessary for human body?
What are formed during the process of digestion?
What are the difference between catabolism and anabolism?
What are enzymes?
What are the differences between internal and external respiration?
Write the differences between photosynthesis and respiration.

2. Write the importance of respiration?

Ans: The life process of our body are based on continuous energy supply which comes from oxidation of food i.e. from respiration. During respiration the oxidation of food takes place at the cellular level with the release of energy which is stored in the mitochondria and works as the continuous source of energy for the living body.

3. What is internal respiration? Where does this process take place in the body?

Ans: The respiration which takes place in the cellular level in the mitochondria of a cell to release energy in the presence of oxygen is known as internal respiration. It takes place at cellular level in the mitochondria of the cell.

4. What are the differences between internal and external respiration?

Ans: The following are the difference between internal and external respiration:

External Respiration	Internal Respiration
External respiration means simply inhaling of oxygen and exhaling of carbondioxide.	Internal respiration refers to the oxidation of food to release energy.
External respiration is a physical or mechanical process.	Internal respiration is a chemical process.
Energy is not released.	Energy is released and stored in mitochondria.
It is known as simply breathing.	It is known as cellular respiration as it occurs in mitochondria i.e. inside the cells.

5. Why is food necessary for living beings?

Ans: Food is necessary for living beings because it contains different types of nutrients like carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals and water which are very much essential for the performance of life process.

6. What is photosynthesis?

Ans: The process of formation of food in green plants by utilizing the carbondioxide and water in presence of sunlight and chlorophyll is known as photosynthesis. It occurs in leaves.

7. What are the advantages of photosynthesis for plants and animals?

Ans: The process of photosynthesis is the major source of nutrients for plants and animals. Plants utilize food prepared from photosynthesis as nutrients for daily activities and animals directly or indirectly depend upon plants for nutrition. These are the advantages of photosynthesis for plants and animals.

8. List out the major requirements for the photosynthesis.

Ans: The major requirements or raw materials for the photosynthesis are:
i) Carbondixoide
ii) Water
iii) Chlorophyll
iv) Sunglight

9. Give the function of following nutrient elements: Carbohydrate, Fat and Oil, Protein, Mineral and Water.

Ans: 

Carbohydrate: It provides heat and energy to our body.
Fats and Oils : It provides heat and energy to pour body.
Protein : They help in growth of our body as well as for the repair and replacement of worm and dead cells in our body.
Minerals: They help in the various life processes that occur in our body.
Water : Water is essential for almost all the life processes of our body.

10. What is the function of chlorophyll present in chloroplast?

Ans: The function of chlorophyll present in chloroplast is to trap the sunlight which is very essential for the photosynthesis. It helps to absorb sunlight and transform the solar energy into chemical energy.

11. What do you mean by Iodine starch test? Write down the process.

Ans: The test which is used to identify whether the green leaf contains starch or not is said to be Iodine starch test.

Process:
Material Required: Leaf, beaker, iodine solution, water, alcohol, forceps, sprit lamp, plate.
Process:
i) A fresh green leaf is plucked and boiled in water for few minutes.
ii) Leaf is kept in lukewarm alcohol for some minutes.
iii) Wash it in cold water. The leaf now loses its green color and this phenomenon is known as bleaching.
iv) Add few drops of iodine on the leaf keeping it over the plate and the color change is observed.
v) The leaf will change into blue black color.

Result: This confirms the presence of carbohydrates in the leaf. 

12. What is the role of sunlight in photosynthesis? Show it in diagram.

Ans: The major role of sunlight in photosynthesis is to activate the chlorophyll and decompose the water into oxygen and hydrogen.

13. Why is mitochondria considered as the power house of the cell?

Ans: Mitochondria is considered as the power of the cell because energy released during respiration is stored inside the mitochondria in the form of ATP which is utilized for performing various life activities.

14. Why do plants need chlorophyll?

Ans: Plants need to have chlorophyll to trap the sunlight and convert solar energy into chemical energy.

15. How is photosynthesis process considered as opposite to respiratory system?

Ans: During the process of photosynthesis carbondioxide and water is used as raw materials for the production of glucose and oxygen whereas during respiration, carbondioxide and water are the major products along with the energy. So, photosynthesis process is considered the opposite to respiratory system.

It can be shown with chemical equation also.

16. Why is leaf called as kitchen of plant?

Ans: Leaf is called as kitchen of plant because the photosynthesis process occurs in the leaf. So, due to food preparation process (photosynthesis) in leaf it is known as kitchen of plant.

17. What are autotrophic plants?

Ans: The plants which are capable of preparing food by themselves are known as the autotrophic plants. Eg: all the green plants.

18. Why is protein necessary for human body?

Ans: Protein is necessary for human body for the growth and repairmen of dead and worn out cells of the human body.

19. What are formed during the process of digestion?

Ans: During the process of digestion the complex forms of carbohydrates is converted into glucose, protein is converted into amino acids and fat is converted to fatty acids and glycerols.

20. What are the difference between catabolism and anabolism?

Ans: The constructive process occurring in the body of living beings like growth, photosymthesis etc. are known as anabolism whereas the destructive process occurring in the body of living beings like respiration, digestion etc. are known as catabolism.

21. What are enzymes?

Ans: Enzymes are the chemicals which help in the digestion of food by converting complex food substances into simpler forms step by step.

22. What are the differences between internal and external respiration?

Ans: The following are the difference between internal and external respiration:

External Respiration	Internal Respiration
External respiration means simply inhaling of oxygen and exhaling of carbondioxide.	Internal respiration refers to the oxidation of food to release energy.
External respiration is a physical or mechanical process.	Internal respiration is a chemical process.
Energy is not released.	Energy is released and stored in mitochondria.
It is known as simply breathing.	It is known as cellular respiration as it occurs in mitochondria i.e. inside the cells.

23. Write the differences between photosynthesis and respiration.

Ans: The following are the difference between photosynthesis and respiration:

Photosynthesis	Respiration
It is the food preparation process.	It is the oxidation of food to release energy.
The major products of it are glucose and oxygen.	The major products of it are carbondioxide, water and energy.
It occurs in leaf.	It occurs in cells.
Carbondioxide, water, chlorophyll and sunlight are required for it.	Food should break into simpler form in it.