Matter || difference between atom and element || atom || element || compound

Matter

Q1.Define atom. Write atomic number and symbol of Helium.
Ans:
The smallest particle of an element which takes part in chemical reaction without division is called an atom. Atomic number of Helium is 2 and symbol is He.

Q2.What is an element?
Ans: The smallest pure form of a substance which cannot split up into other simpler substances by any physical as well as chemical method is called an element. For example; Hydrogen, Lithium, etc.

Q3.What is a compound?
Ans: Compound is a chemical substance whihc is formed by the combination of two or more elements in a fixed portion by their weight. For example; water (H₂0), Methane (CH₄), Ammonia (NH₃)

Q4. Write any two differences between element and compound.
Ans: The differences between element and compound are;

S.No	Element	Compound
1	An element is a pure substance that can neither be split up into two or more simpler substance nor it can be made from two or more substance by any method.	A compound is a pur substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in a fixed portion.
2	Each element is a distinct kind of matter that contains only type of atoms.	Each compound is a distinct kind of matter that contains only one kind of molecules.
3	Eg; Be, B, C, N, O, etc	Eg; H2O, CO2

Q5.Waht is orbit or shell?
Ans: The fixed path through which electrons revolve around the nucleus of an atom is called orbit or shell.

Q6.Write any two differences between atom and molecule.
Ans:

S.No	Atom	Molecule
1	The smallest particle of an element which can take part in chemical reaction without division is called an atom.	The smallest particle of an element or a compound which is capable of independent existence is called molecule.
2	Atom of an element can't be divided into two or more parts. eg. O, H, Na, N, K, etc.	Molecules can be divided into two particles i.e. into atoms. eg. O2, H2, N2

Q7.What are the fundamental particles of an atom? Describe in short.

Ans:

The fundamental particles of an atom are electrons, protons, and neutron.

a)Electron:An electron is negatively charged particle of very small mass. Its mass is ¹/₁₈₃₇ of the mass of an atom of hydrogen atom and carries a unit negative charge. An electron is represented by the symbol e^-.An electron is always revolving round the nucleus of atom in its orbit.

b)Proton:A proton is positively charged particle which is found in the nucleus of an atom. The mass of one proton is same as that of hydrogen atom. Protons are represented by p⁺.

c)Neutron:A neutron is a charge less particle which is found in the nucleus of an atom. The mass of a neutron is almost same as that of proton.

Q8.Define atomic number and atomic weight.
Ans:

Atomic number: The number of positively charged particle or protons present in the nucleus of each element is called atomic number.

i.e. Atomic number = number of protons = number of electrons.

Atomic weight: The atomic weight is defined as the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons present in the nucleus of an atom of an element.

Q9. What is nucleus of an atom?

Ans:

The center of an atom which consists of protons and neutrons is called the nucleus of an atom.

Q10.Write the difference between an element and an atom.

Ans:

The differnce between an element and an atom are:

Element	Atom
An element is a pure substance that can neither be split up into two or more simpler substances nor it can be made from two or more substances by any method.	An atom is the smallest particle of an element which can take paart in chemical reaction.
Each element is made up of only one type of atoms.	Each atom is made up of electrons, protons and neutrons.

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Matter, atom, difference between element and atom, element, nucleus, atomic number and atomic weight, molecule, science8, science 8, science,

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