Life process || blood || Types of Blood || RBC and WBC || Function of blood
1. What is protoplasm? Why is it important? What is the main function of protoplasm?
Ans: Protoplasm can be defined as the living substance inside the cell which is the physical basis for life. Protoplasm includes cytoplasm and nucleus.
Importance of protoplasm:
All kinds of complex activities of a cell occur in protoplasm. These complex activities of a cell are commonly called metabolism. During the metabolism different types of chemical reactions occur which renew the protoplasm.
All the life process like respiration, digestion, excretion, growth, response to stimuli and reproduction takes place in the protoplasm.
Ans: Protoplasm is a living substance found in a cell. Different substances found in protoplasm are: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, iron, etc.
3. What is metabolism?
Ans: The chemical reactions that takes place in the cells are called metabolism.
4. What do you mean by anabolism and catabolism?
Ans: Anabolism: The formation of complex organic substances from raw materials is called anabolism. Photosynthesis in plant is an anabolic activity.
Catabolism : The process of breaking down complex substances into simple substance is called catabolism.
5. What is meant by transport system?
Ans: Transport system is a group of those organs which helps to supply the necessary things like food, oxygen etc. from cells to the related excretory organs.
6. What are the organs that perform transportation in higher animals?
Ans: In higher animals, transportation is done by circulatory system. The circulatory system includes the organs like: blood, blood vessels and heart.
7. How does the internal transportation occur in unicellular organism?
Ans: In unicellular organisms like Amoeba and Paramecium, transportation occurs due to the cytoplasmic activities in the cell like diffusion.
[Diffusion: Diffusion is a process in which substances flow from the higher concentration to the lower concentration.]
8. How transportation does takes place in plants?
Ans: In plants, xylem and phloem tissues help in transportation. Xylem transports water and minerals from root to leaves and phloem distributes the prepared food from leaves to the other parts of plants like root, stem, flower, fruit, etc.
9. What is blood? Write down the main function of blood.
Ans: Blood is a fluid composed of plasma and blood cells which flows in our blood vessels. It is the carrier of materials for the transportation inside the body.
Function of Blood:
i) Blood balances the flow and amount of water in the body.
ii) It dissolves and transports nutrients obtained from intestine.
iii) It takes carbon dioxide produced in the cells to lungs for excretion.
10. What is meant by circulatory system?
Ans: The system of the body which helps in transportation of nutrients, hormones and oxygen to tissues and collects their waste products in higher animals is called circulatory system.
11. What is plasma? Write down its main function.
Ans: Plasma is the fluid part of the blood which is transparent and pale yellow in color. It consists of about 90% of water and rest is carbondioxide, fats, proteins, minerals and waste materials.
Function of Plasma:
i) It transports nutrients like glucose and amino acids to cells.
ii) It transports urea to kidney for its removal.
iii) It transports hormones.
iv) Fibrinogen, a kind of plasma protein, helps in blood clotting.
v) It controls amount of water in the blood.
12. How many types of blood cell are there? Write their names.
Ans: There are two types of blood cells. They are:
a) White blood cells (WBCs) and
b) Red Blood Cells (RBCs)
13. What are red blood cells? Write their functions.
Ans: Red blood cells are disc shaped, biconcave non-nucleated structures found in plasma. They contain iron rich pigment called hemoglobin.
Function of Red Blood Cells (RBC)
i) Transport oxygen to different parts of the body.
14. What are white blood cells? Write its functions.
Ans: The irregular shaped, colorless structure present in plasma with nucleus is called white blood cell. They are bigger than red blood cells.
Function of White Blood Cells:
i) To protect the body from diseases.
15. Write down the main difference between RBCs and WBCs.
i) It transports nutrients like glucose and amino acids to cells.
ii) It transports urea to kidney for its removal.
iii) It transports hormones.
iv) Fibrinogen, a kind of plasma protein, helps in blood clotting.
v) It controls amount of water in the blood.
12. How many types of blood cell are there? Write their names.
Ans: There are two types of blood cells. They are:
a) White blood cells (WBCs) and
b) Red Blood Cells (RBCs)
13. What are red blood cells? Write their functions.
Ans: Red blood cells are disc shaped, biconcave non-nucleated structures found in plasma. They contain iron rich pigment called hemoglobin.
Function of Red Blood Cells (RBC)
i) Transport oxygen to different parts of the body.
14. What are white blood cells? Write its functions.
Ans: The irregular shaped, colorless structure present in plasma with nucleus is called white blood cell. They are bigger than red blood cells.
Function of White Blood Cells:
i) To protect the body from diseases.
Ans: The following are the difference between RBCs and WBCs:
RBC | WBC |
RBCs do not contain nucleus. | WBCs contain nucleus. |
RBC contains haemoglobin. | WBC does not contain haemoglobin. |
RBCs are red in color. | WBCs are colorless. |
RBCs are smaller than WBCs. | WBCs are larger than RBCs. |